Author's response to reviews Title: High titer West Nile IVIG from selected donors for treatment of West Nile infection Authors:

Using high titer West Nile intravenous immunoglobulin from selected Israeli donors for treatment of West Nile virus infection

BACKGROUND West Nile Virus (WNV) is endemic in Israel and a significant level of antibodies is present in the population due to natural exposure. Anecdotal cases suggested that the presence of anti-WNV antibodies in intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) from Israeli donors (IVIG-IL) assisted the recovery of patients with severe WNV infection. METHODS To enhance the therapeutic efficacy of IVIG-IL...

Author's response to reviews Psychological Trauma and Evidence for Enhanced Vulnerability for PTSD through Previous Trauma Title: among West Nile Refugees Authors:

Hyperimmune gammaglobulin for the treatment of West Nile virus encephalitis.

BACKGROUND West Nile virus, the etiologic agent of West Nile fever, is an emerging mosquito-borne disease. WNV was recognized as a cause of severe human meningoencephalitis in elderly patients during outbreaks in various parts of the world. OBJECTIVES To analyze WNV encephalitis therapy and its outcome after prescribing hyperimmune gammaglobulin therapy. METHODS Eight subjects with WNV ence...

Prevalence of West Nile Virus Infection in the Cities of Neka and Shiraz, Iran

Abstract Background and Objective: West Nile virus (WNV) is a member of the genus Flavivirus that can cause viral infections in human. This study aimed at detecting IgG antibodies against WNV in patients of two cities of Neka and Shiraz. Material and Methods: the participants were 46 possible WNV case from Neka (13 women and 10 men) and Shiraz (10 women and 13 men).  IgG assay was ...

Aserological survey on antibodies against West Nile virus in horses of Khuzestan province

BACKGROUND: West Nile virus (WNV) is a vector-borneagent that is maintained within a bird-mosquito cycle. In humansand equids, infection by this agent is usually asymptomatic, orcharacterized by a mild febrile illness. However, fatal meningoencephalitisor encephalitis may occur. OBJECTIVES:The aim ofthis study was to evaluate the prevalence of WNVinfection andcorrelation of this organism with h...